Which of the following types of data is part of Phillips's Process for Determining ROI?

Phillips's Process for Determining ROI emphasizes measuring the financial return of training and development programs in a systematic manner. One of the key components of this process is the calculation of return on investment (ROI), which allows organizations to quantify the financial benefits derived from their training initiatives relative to the costs incurred. ROI provides a concrete measure that helps decision-makers evaluate the effectiveness and value of training programs, making it an essential part of the overall assessment framework established by Phillips.

Other options, while relevant to evaluation and assessment, focus on different aspects of measurement. Causal impact assessment looks at changes directly attributable to a program, qualitative feedback analysis captures subjective evaluations and experiences, and cost projection analysis estimates future spending. However, these do not directly align with the foundational metric of ROI that Phillips identifies as crucial to determining the monetary value added by training initiatives.