Which individual contributed to the development of behavioral objectives in education?

The contribution of Robert Mager to the development of behavioral objectives in education is significant and foundational. He introduced the concept that learning outcomes should be clearly defined and measurable, which became central to effective instructional design. Mager emphasized the importance of specifying what learners should be able to do at the end of an educational experience, leading to the formulation of concise statements that outline observable and measurable behaviors. His work provided educators with a framework to create instructional materials and assessments that align directly with intended outcomes, making it easier to evaluate whether learning has occurred.

In contrast, while the other individuals contributed to various fields, they did not focus on the formulation of behavioral objectives in education. Hermann Ebbinghaus is known for his research on memory, David Berlo focused on communication theory, and Claude Shannon contributed to the field of information theory. Their work does not directly address the development of behavioral objectives within educational contexts.